Signaling system.



O. D. EHRET.

SIGNALING SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED MAY 24 1907. RENEWED 001". 2. 1911.

1,031,698. Patented July 9,1912.

UNITED PATENT OFFICE.

CORNELIUS D. EHRET, 0F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO WIRELESS SPECIALTY APPARATUS COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

SIGNALING SYSTEM.

Patented July 9, 1912.

Application filed May 24, 1907, Serial No. 375,408. Renewed October 27, 1911. Serial No. 657,043.

To all 'IIILO'HL it may concern Be it known that l, Connnhuis I). Ennn'r, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia. county of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Signaling Systems. of which the folhiwing is a specification.

My invention relates to signaling systems and more particularly to a system in which the energy representing the signal or message is transmitted through the natural media in electro-radiant form, such as Hertzian or electromagnetic waves.

More particularly my invention resides in a system in which the energy is transmitted in such form or in such quantity or persistency. or either the receiver are periods of time. periods how ever. once or act upon instrument.

More particularly my invention r t-i s in a system in which the receiving ap ialralns comprises a wavcresponsive device which causes or controls the charging of a condenser, or other storage dc\icc, and then the storage device or condenser is intermittently thrown into communication with the signal translating instrument.

For an illustratimi of one oil the form's my invention may take reference is to he had to the accompmlying drawing. in which:

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of trans mitting apparatus involving closed os il lating circuits. Fig. 2 is a diagrannnatic view of transmitting apparatus invol ing a spark gap. Fig. 3 a diagrannnatic view of the receiving apparatus.

In Figs. 1 and 2 are represented diagrammatically tral'lsmilting apparatus of difi'er out forms, either of which is suitable for employment in this system. It is to be understood,

accumulated for wrtain generally rela. ivcly short and then allow d to influthe signal translating of example.

In Fig. 1, G represents a source of fluctuating or alternating current,

of high frequency, as, for examp sand cycles per second, more or less. In-

cluded in the circuit of said generator is the operators key is and the primary P of of then'uthat the effects at 'however, that other forms Li transmitting apparatus are also contemplated, those shown being merely by way mary circuit included a source of fluctuatpreferably a thoua transformer, whose secondary is S. This transformer may be of either the air-core type or of the magnetic core type. Included in the circuit of the secondary S is the comlenscr K and an adjustable portion of the inductance L. C is a second condenser. pretcral'ily of smaller capacity than the crmdcnser K, and it is included in a closed circuit 'with a variable portion of the inductance l. A variable portion of the inductance L is also serially connected between thc aerial conductor A and the earth connection E. By means of the transformer PS the circuit, including the condenser K, is charged periodically at a frequen y corresponding with the frequency of the generator G. Each time the condenser K i charged, however, itdischarges through S and L, the discharge being oscillatory and of a frequency determined by the capacity and inductance of that circuit, and. in a measure, by the resistance of the circuit: the resistance, however, should be maintained as; low as possible. The condenser then charged also, at preferably hi 'h potential. from the circuit including the condenser K and periodically at a rate equal to the natural frequency of the circuit containing the condenser K. The condenser C in turn. discharges through a closed circuit through the inductance L and the natural rate of vibration of that circuit relatively high as, for example, from one hundred thousand to several millions per se ond. it the energy of these high frequency oscillations that is then radiated from the aerial .t. the aerial circuit being preferably brought intotune or resonance by suitably adjusting the amount of inductance l in consequence, there is radiated from the aerial A trains of Hertzian or electro-magnetic waves of high frequency, such trains succeeding each other at high rate, presumably at a rate corresponding with the natural frequency of the circuit containing the condenser K.

In Fig. 2, S represents the secondary of a high potential transformer, in Whose priductor A trains of Hertzian or electro-magnetic waves succeeding each other at a rate corresponding with the frequency of the generator included in the primary of the transformer whose secondary is S. The fre quency of that generator should preferably be rather high as, for example, five hundred or one thousand cycles per second, more or less,

In Big. 3, L is an inductance, a'variable portion of which is.conneeted serially between the receiving aerial conductor A. and the earth E. Connected in shunt to a variable portion 0. the inductance L, and through the condenser C, of relatively small capacity, is the wave-responsive device W, here shown as a primary cell detector comprising the zinc cup Z, the small cell ele- .nent, of platinum, Pt, suitable cell eXcit-ant such as chromic acid, sulfuric acid, etc., be: ing contained in the ,cup Z. Connected in shunt t0 the Wave-responsive device XV the condenser K of relatively great capacity, and in shunt to said condenser K is connect ed a circuit containing the interrupter I and the signal translating instrument '1, here shown as a telephone, ,hut which may be a siphon recorder, relay, or any other suitable signal translatin r instrument.

The operation is as follows: Trains of electro-radiant enerlf} waves, succeeding each other at high rate, impinge upon the aerial conductor A and act upon or co operate with the detector W. The capacity of the condenser C is large enough to per mit easy passage of the high frequency oscillations, but: of too small a capacity to permitpassage of impulses occurring at wave train frequency and as caused or controlled by the Wave-responsive device W'. The condenser C serves al o to prevent passage of any current from the wave-responsive de- Vice W through the inductance L. lach Wave train received causes an impulse from the primary cell detector W which, due to the small capacity of the condenser C, can not pass throughthe inductance L, but must pass to the condenser K, thus charging it. But the rapidly succeed vause rapidly succeeding charging impulses to be impressed upon the condenser K, in-- til the same, which is of relatively large caiacity, is, after a series of said impulses, charged to a potential equal or approxinatelv equal to a potential of the primary :ell detector W. The interrupter I is roated or driven at such' ate, that the conlenser K is short circuit after each time hat it has become fully charged, through .10 signal translating instrument '1. For example, suppose the Wave trains received ing wave trains succeed each other at-the rate of a thousand v)er second. Then, for a transmitted dot of the telegraphic code, the condenser K will be subjected to, say, one hundred charging l l l l l i l device impulses from the detector \V. But if the condenser K is chosen of such capacity tha it will be sutliciently charged after twenty live iHIPUlSGS at wave train frequency, tlr interrupter l may make and break the cir cuit through the translating instrument 'I, say about tour times for each transmitted dot. It is to be understood, however, that these figures are given merely by way of example.

7) is a lepotl' high frequency inductance to prevent the high fretplency oscillations from finding an easy path through the condenser K around the detector W. This inductance ,1) should, of course, he designed to have high inductance as to the high frequency waves, but should be of as low a resistance possible and of an inductanct which will permit easy passage of impulses of wave train frequency hile l have here shown the wave detector as of the primary cell type, it is to he understood that other types of waveresponsive devices may be employed, including those requiring local batteries. The self restoring type of wa.ve-responsive device is preferred. It is also to be understood tha" the mode of connection in the receiving apparatus may be varied from that shown herein, Fig. 53 be n merely sho bv way of example By the system herein in H 1 mod, it is pit. sible to accumulate the relatively minute elicit-ts of the wavc-rwponsive device and then to subject a signal translating instru ment to the accumulated effects but at a high enough rate to secure efficient rapid signal ng It is to he undeizsto ul have herein shown and v'lescribed transmitling apparatus tor transmitting trains of electroanagnrtic waves. my receiving apparatus is adaptable as well to saems ir which the electro-magnetic waves are continuously generated and not divided into groups or trains.

What I claim is.

1. As an improvement in the art of elec tric signaling, the method which consists in impressing (ltt'llU-IMlltlIlli energy upon tln natural media, Lransi'm'ming the receiver cler-tro-radiunt energy into high frequency electrical oscillations, controlling the production of current impulses by said high frequency electrical oscillations. storing a plurality of impulses so produced, and periodicall y discharging said stored impulses to reproduce a signal.

2. In a signaling system, means 101' impressing eleetro-radiant energy waves upon the natural media, a wave-responsive device at the receiving station subjected to currents resulting from said waves, a storage subjected to the impulses resulting from the action of the received energy upon also that while I tently discharging jsaid'waveresponsive device, and'means for .discharging said storage device through a signal-translating instrument to reproduce a signal. 3. -In a signaling system, means for 1I npressing electro-radiant energy waves upon the natural media, a wave-responsive device atthe receiving station sub ected to currents resulting from said waves, a storage device subjected to the impulses resulting from the action of the received energy upon said wave-responsive device, and a switch for intermittently discharging said storage device through a signal translating instrument.

4.'In a signaling system, means for impressing elect'ro-radiant energy upon the natural media, a primary cell detzcior at the receiving stat-ion subjected to the effects of thn r ceivedenergy, a storage device subjected to the impulses resulting from the effects o f the received energy upon said detector, and switching means for intermitsaid storage device through a signal translating instrument.

5. In a signaling system, means for im pressing electro-radiant energy upon the natural media, a wave-responsive deviceat the receiving station, a condenser subjected to the impulses resulting from the effects of the received energy upon said wave-responsive device, and switching means for-discharging said condenser through a signal translating instrument. 7

7. In a signaling system, means for impressingelectro-iiadiant energy upon the natural media, a. wave-responsive device at the receiving station, a condenser subjected to the impulses resultingfrom the efiects of the received energy upon said wave-responsive device, means for isolating said condenser Qfrom the direct effects of the reccived electro-radiant energy, and means for discharging said condenser through a signal translating instrument.

8. In a signaling system, means for impressing electro-radiant energy waves upon the natural media, a wave-responsive device at the receiving station subjected to the currents resulting from said waves, a storage device subjected to the impulses resulting from the action of the received energy upon said wave-responsive device, means for isolating said storage device from the direct .action of said currents resulting from said waves, and means for discharging said storage device through a signal translating instrument.

9. As an improvement in the art of elec' tric signaling, the method which consists in impressing electro-radiant energy upon the natural media, transforming the received electro-radiant energy into high frequency electrical oscillations, rectifying said high frequency oscillations, storing the energy of the rectified oscillations, and, discharging said stored energy to reproduce a signal.-

10. In a signaling system, means for impressing electro-radiant energy waves upon the natural media in groups approximating one thousand per second, a wave-responsive device at the receiving station subjected to currents resulting from said waves, a storage device subjected to the impulses resulting from the action of the received energy upon said wave-responsive device, and means I35 for discharging said storage device through a signal translating instrument to reproduce a signal.

11. In a signaling system, means for impressing electroradiant energy waves upon the natural media in groups approximating one thousand per second, a rectifying waveresponsive device at the receiving station subjected to currents resulting from said waves, a storage device subjected to the imulses resulting from the action-of the received energy upon said wave'responsive device, and means for discharging said storage device through a signal translating instrument to reproduce a signal.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature in the presencev of the two subscribing witnesses.

CORNELIUS D. EHRET.

\Yitnesses ANNA E. STniNnooK, DANIEL \Vnns'risn, Jr. 

